When the carbon balance changes

SOC levels remain relatively stable when carbon inputs and losses are roughly balanced. In reality, this balance is dynamic and can shift when environmental conditions change or when ecosystems are disturbed.

Carbon enters soils through plant-derived inputs such as leaves, roots, and crop residues, as well as through organic additions like manure. At the same time, carbon leaves the soil through microbial decomposition, erosion, fire, and biomass removal during harvest.

Even relatively small changes in vegetation cover, climate conditions, or land management can tip this balance.